{"id":6550,"date":"2018-09-02T16:34:18","date_gmt":"2018-09-02T13:34:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.uzxalqharakati.com\/tr\/?p=6550"},"modified":"2018-09-02T16:34:18","modified_gmt":"2018-09-02T13:34:18","slug":"cinin-bati-bolgesi-teorisi-buyuk-turkistan-politikasi-1-bolum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/cinin-bati-bolgesi-teorisi-buyuk-turkistan-politikasi-1-bolum.html","title":{"rendered":"\u00c7in\u2019in Bati b\u00f6lgesi teorisi; B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan politikasi ( 1.b\u00f6l\u00fcm)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015fbu yaz\u0131daki Bat\u0131 kavram\u0131 Merkezi \u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131nda olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ve B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 kastetmektedir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fbu makalenin Yazar\u0131 Liu Yazhou, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti ordusunda Tu\u011fgeneral olup, \u00c7in Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti eski Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Li Xian Nian\u2019n\u0131n damad\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130lk olarak 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yaz\u0131 daha sonra kendisi taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan co\u011frafyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00c7in i\u00e7in stratejik \u00f6nemini tarihi ve g\u00fcncel \u015fartlara g\u00f6re yorumlayarak, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \u00c7in Devleti\u2019nin B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan politikas\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fumuna y\u00f6n vermektedir.\u00a0 ( Edit\u00f6r\u00fcn Notu )<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yazan: Liu Yazhou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131 \u015fu c\u00fcmleler ile ba\u015flamaktad\u0131r:<\/p>\n

\u201c\u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131 harika bir yerdir. Bat\u0131 (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan Orta Asya co\u011frafyas\u0131)\u2019ya y\u00f6nelmek bizim i\u00e7in sadece stratejik se\u00e7enek de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcmidimiz, hatta bizim bu neslin kaderidir. M\u00fckemmel konumu (d\u00fcnya merkezine yak\u0131n) bize g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir motivasyon sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesi olmaktan ziyade ilerlemek i\u00e7in hedefteki b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6rmeliyiz.\u201d<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131da yer alan \u015fu b\u00f6l\u00fcm dikkate \u015fayand\u0131r:<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cAtala<\/strong>r\u0131m\u0131za \u015f\u00fck\u00fcrler olsun ki, b\u00f6yle \u00f6zel bir toprak kazan\u0131p bizlere b\u0131rakt\u0131lar. \u00c7in haritas\u0131na dikkatle bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131mda, g\u00f6zlerim uzun sure hep \u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131na (T\u00fcrkistan\u2019a) dikilip kal\u0131yor. Baz\u0131 insanlar \u00c7in haritas\u0131n\u0131 bir horoza benzetiyorlar ama bana g\u00f6re daha \u00e7ok bir kartala benziyor. Kanatlar\u0131n\u0131 yayarken, do\u011fuda Pasifik Okyanusu, bat\u0131da Ortado\u011fu\u2019ya kadar kuca\u011f\u0131na al\u0131yor. U\u00e7arken de b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyay\u0131 gagas\u0131yla kald\u0131r\u0131yor. E\u011fer Do\u011fu onun ba\u015f\u0131 ise, Bat\u0131 (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) u\u00e7u\u015f dengesini sa\u011flayan g\u00f6vdesidir. Denge noktas\u0131 olmadan o u\u00e7amaz. Bu g\u00f6vde merkezinin konumu son derce m\u00fckemmeldir: Geni\u015f araz\u0131 ve geni\u015f yaylalar, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne y\u00fckselen Tanr\u0131 Da\u011flar\u0131, Altay Da\u011flar\u0131 ve Altun Da\u011flar\u0131. Yerde uzanan Tar\u0131m ve Cungar havzalar\u0131. \u0130\u015fte bu bizim bildi\u011fimiz \u201c\u00dc\u00e7 da\u011f aras\u0131nda iki havza\u201d. Buras\u0131 denizlere uzak, Asya\u2019n\u0131n kalbine do\u011fru sokulan demir m\u0131zrak gibi. M\u00fckemmel ortama sahip bu \u00f6zel co\u011frafi birim zaten Orta Asya\u2019n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletleri ve B\u00fcy\u00fck Petro\u2019nun ge\u00e7mi\u015fte kontrol etmek istedi\u011fi \u201cOrta Asya Koridoru\u201dnun bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc i\u015fte buras\u0131d\u0131r\u201d<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131daki \u015fu c\u00fcmleler hem \u00c7in\u2019in ger\u00e7ek niyetini anlat\u0131rken biraz da irkilmemize vesile olur mu acaba:<\/p>\n

\u201cGenellikle, Kazakistan, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, \u00d6zbekistan, T\u00fcrkmenistan, Tacikistan ve Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) Orta Asya olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. O (Orta Asya) Tanr\u0131n\u0131n bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00c7inlilere l\u00fctfetti\u011fi en zengin bir par\u00e7a pastad\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019de b\u00fcy\u00fck yank\u0131 uyand\u0131ran bu yaz\u0131 \u00c7in h\u00fck\u00fcmeti i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak haz\u0131rlanan rapor niteli\u011finde olup ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in Savunma \u00dcniversitesinde ders olarak okutulmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fbu yaz\u0131y\u0131 T\u00fcrkiye Cumhuriyeti Devleti ve di\u011fer T\u00fcrk Cumhuriyetlerindeki ilgili makam ve ki\u015filere, \u00c7in hakk\u0131nda ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapan akademisyenler, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar ve T\u00fcrk Milletinin ortak gelece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnen her kese tavsiye ederiz. Zira i\u015fbu yaz\u0131 \u00c7in\u2019in Orta Asya politikas\u0131n\u0131 anlamak i\u00e7in son derece \u00f6nemli bir kaynakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\"Liu<\/p>\n

Makalenin \u00c7ince asl\u0131n\u0131 yay\u0131nlayan\u0131n \u00f6n s\u00f6z\u00fc:<\/p>\n

Tu\u011fgeneral Liu Yazhou\u2019nun \u201cBATI B\u00d6LGE TEOR\u0130S\u0130\u201d adl\u0131 makalesi<\/p>\n

Liu Yazhou: ( Tu\u011f General, \u00c7in Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti eski Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Li Xian Nian n\u0131n damad\u0131)
\nLiu Yazhou: ( Tu\u011f General, \u00c7in Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti eski Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Li Xian Nian n\u0131n damad\u0131)<\/p>\n

(\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u9886\u5bfc\u8005\u6742\u5fd7\u5b98\u65b9\u7f51\u7ad9 2010\u5e74\u516b\u6708\u4e94\u65e5 \u539f\u6587\u9996\u520a\u4e8e\u51e4\u51f0\u5468\u520a)<\/p>\n

Kaynak: \u201c Y\u00f6netici\u201d dergisi web sitesi 05.Agotos 2010.<\/p>\n

orijinal yay\u0131n: \u201cFeng Huang Haftal\u0131k Dergisi\u201d<\/p>\n

http:\/\/cn.rfi.fr\/\u9996\u9875\/20100809<\/p>\n

4 Temmuz 2010 tarihinde, ABD ordusunun, dokuz y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n s\u00fcredir devam eden Afganistan sava\u015f\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan art\u0131k sabr\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckendi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Afganistan\u2019daki ABD Y\u00fcksek Komutan\u0131 McChrystal, Obama taraf\u0131ndan g\u00f6revden al\u0131nd\u0131 ve Petraeus g\u00f6reve getirildi. Ard\u0131ndan garnizon say\u0131s\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Analize g\u00f6re ABD ordusunun amac\u0131 Taliban\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 taarruzu art\u0131rarak Taliban\u2019\u0131n m\u00fczakere masas\u0131na oturmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda ABD, Afganistan\u2019da yakla\u015f\u0131k bir trilyon de\u011ferinde mineral bulundu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klayarak, bir taraftan Afgan rejimine reas\u00fcrans etkisi verirken, \u00f6te yandan da kom\u015fu \u00fclkeleri Afganistan sorununun \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcnde ABD\u2019yi desteklemeye ve b\u00f6ylece erken geri \u00e7ekilmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaya da zemin haz\u0131rlam\u0131\u015f oldu.<\/p>\n

ABD, ikinci \u201cVietnam Batakl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201dn\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in mi Afganistan sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zmeden geri \u00e7ekiliyor? Bu geli\u015fme Orta Asya\u2019n\u0131n durumunda ciddi bir belirsizlik yaratm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu sene May\u0131s ay\u0131ndan beri K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019da s\u00fcrekli karga\u015fal\u0131klar\u0131n meydana gelmesi dikkat \u00e7ekicidir. K\u0131rg\u0131zistan, \u00f6nceki iki Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 yetkileri nedeniyle yolsuzlu\u011fa kap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in, Cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sistemini bir parlamenter sisteme d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in referandum yapmakta. Parlamenter sistemin Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok fazla yetkiye sahip olmas\u0131n\u0131 ve akraba yolsuzluklar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilmesine ra\u011fmen, parlamento sistemi devlet g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131na ve hatta radikal g\u00fc\u00e7lerin iktidara gelmesine yol a\u00e7abilir. \u00d6zellikle dikkat \u00e7eken ger\u00e7ek \u015fu ki, K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019daki etnik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar patlak verdi\u011finde Rusya iki kez K\u0131rg\u0131zistan\u2019\u0131n askeri m\u00fcdahale talebini reddetti.<\/p>\n

Orta Asya\u2019da, bir bak\u0131mdan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkelerin geri \u00e7ekilmesi ile birlikte b\u00f6lgede bir bo\u015fluk olu\u015fma ihtimali g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor, di\u011fer yandan ise siyasi istikrars\u0131zl\u0131k, karga\u015fa ve hatta i\u00e7 \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma da \u00e7\u0131kabilir. Bu durum ise \u00c7in i\u00e7in hem f\u0131rsat hem de risk anlam\u0131na geliyor.<\/p>\n

On y\u0131l \u00f6nce General Liu Yazhou, Amerikan askerleri Afganistan\u2019a girdi\u011finde, \u201cBat\u0131 Teorisi\u201dni yazd\u0131 ve \u00c7in\u2019in devlet stratejisini \u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131ndaki b\u00f6lgelere do\u011fru y\u00f6nlendirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Zira \u00c7in h\u0131zla ikinci en b\u00fcy\u00fck enerji ithalat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 haline gelmi\u015f ve Orta Asya, son y\u0131llarda \u00c7in\u2019in yurtd\u0131\u015f\u0131nda en \u00e7ok yat\u0131r\u0131m yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerden biri olmu\u015ftur. Orta Asya\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7in i\u00e7in ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6nem, Liu Yazhou\u2019nun zaman\u0131ndaki \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc bu g\u00fcnlerde tam olarak do\u011frulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Orta Asya ve Bat\u0131 \u00c7in (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019\u0131n \u00c7in i\u00e7in olan \u00f6nemi bug\u00fcn herkes taraf\u0131ndan bilinen bir ger\u00e7ektir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yeni makalesinde Liu Yazhou, Orta Asya\u2019daki mevcut duruma ve \u00c7in\u2019in Orta Asya\u2019daki mevcudiyetini esas alarak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini daha da geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u00c7in\u2019in Orta Asya\u2019daki faaliyetlerini geli\u015ftirme esnas\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunlar, ders al\u0131nacak ibretler, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131lan zorluklar gibi hususlar hakk\u0131nda analiz yapm\u0131\u015f, \u00f6zetlenmi\u015f ve orijinal metin \u00fczerinden revize etmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n

BATI B\u00d6LGE TEOR\u0130S\u0130 :\u00a0 \u00c7in\u2019in B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan Politikas\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131 harika bir yerdir. Bat\u0131 (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan Orta Asya co\u011frafyas\u0131)\u2019ya y\u00f6nelmek bizim i\u00e7in sadece stratejik se\u00e7enek de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00fcmidimiz, hatta bizim bu neslin kaderidir. M\u00fckemmel konumu (d\u00fcnya merkezine yak\u0131n) bize g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir motivasyon sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesi olmaktan ziyade ilerlemek i\u00e7in hedefteki b\u00f6lge olarak g\u00f6rmeliyiz.<\/p>\n

Yeni D\u00f6nemdeki \u201cBat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131r Savunmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cDeniz K\u0131y\u0131 Savunmas\u0131 \u201d Teorisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Y\u00fcz kusur y\u0131l \u00f6nce, Man\u00e7o Qing h\u00fck\u00fcmetinde b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tart\u0131\u015fma olmu\u015ftu: Deniz K\u0131y\u0131 Savunmas\u0131 m\u0131 veya Bat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131r Savunmas\u0131 m\u0131, hangisi \u00f6nemli? O zaman Bat\u0131l\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7ler \u00fclkemize s\u00fcrekli denizden sald\u0131r\u0131yordu.1874\u2019te, ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan \u201ck\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada \u00fclkesi\u201d (Japonya) bile, \u201c\u015eakay\u0131k Cemiyeti\u201d olay\u0131n\u0131 bahane ederek Tayvan\u2019a asker g\u00f6ndermi\u015fti. Bundan \u00f6nce 1871\u2019de, \u00c7arl\u0131k Rusya, Yakup Beg Bedevlet\u2019in Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019\u0131 i\u015fgal etmesinden faydalanarak \u201ckurtarma\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda askeri stratejik b\u00f6lge olan \u0130li\u2019yi i\u015fgal etti. Bu nedenle \u201cDeniz savunmas\u0131\u201d m\u0131 yoksa \u201cBat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131r Savunmas\u0131\u201d m\u0131 hangisi \u00f6nemli diye bir tart\u0131\u015fma ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Li Hongzhang liderli\u011findeki denizci grubu ile Zuo Zongtang taraf\u0131ndan temsil edilen Bat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131r Savunma grubu aras\u0131ndaki b\u00f6yle bir anla\u015fmazl\u0131k o zamanki \u00f6nemli g\u00fcndem konusu idi. Bu b\u00fcy\u00fck tart\u0131\u015fma sadece b\u00f6lge valileri de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda Qing Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da olay\u0131n i\u00e7ine dahil etti.<\/p>\n

Deniz savunmac\u0131lar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne g\u00f6re, son on y\u0131llarda, yabanc\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fmanlar\u0131n i\u015fgali g\u00fcneydo\u011fu deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan geliyor, \u00f6zellikle de yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmakta olan Japonya, gelecekte Ruslardan daha fazla felaket getirecek. Jiangsu valisi Ding Richang\u2019a g\u00f6re, \u201cRuslar dut yapra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u0131s\u0131r\u0131p y\u00fcr\u00fcyen ipek b\u00f6ce\u011fi gibi yava\u015f\u00e7a bize yak\u0131la\u015f\u0131r, Japonlar ise azg\u0131n balina gibi aniden sald\u0131r\u0131r ve bizi birden yutar\u201d.<\/p>\n

Zuo Zongtang\u2019 a g\u00f6re, \u00c7in\u2019in kuzeybat\u0131s\u0131ndaki da\u011flar ve nehirler gibi co\u011frafi ko\u015fullar savunmak i\u00e7in do\u011fal bir kalkand\u0131r, Bat\u0131\u2019y\u0131 terk etmek \u00c7in\u2019i terk etmek demektir: \u201cDolays\u0131yla, S\u0131ncan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019\u0131 elimizde tutarsak Mo\u011folistan\u2019\u0131 koruruz, e\u011fer Mo\u011folistan\u2019\u0131 elimizde tutarsak Pekin\u2019i koruruz.\u201d Zuo Zongtang\u2019\u0131n savunmas\u0131n\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131, Li Hongzhang taraf\u0131n\u0131n mant\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha a\u00e7\u0131k ve net oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ve en y\u00fcksek karar mercii Krali\u00e7e Cixi (S\u0131\u015fi) taraf\u0131ndan hakl\u0131 bulundu. Sonunda Zong Zongtang bat\u0131ya y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f yapt\u0131 ve Sin Cang( Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019da tarihi zafer elde etti.<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc duruma bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, o zamanki \u201cBat\u0131 S\u0131n\u0131r Savunma\u201d ve \u201cDeniz K\u0131y\u0131 Savunma\u201d tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131nda Zuo Zongtang\u2019\u0131n teorisi tamamen hakl\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u201cTarih, kazananlar\u0131 k\u0131namaz\u201d, zira zaman\u0131nda \u201cdeniz savunmas\u0131nda\u201d \u0131srar eden Li Hongzhang, daha sonra \u00c7in-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131nda a\u011f\u0131r bir yenilgiye u\u011frad\u0131, bundan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ki onun ad\u0131 y\u00fcz y\u0131llardan beri teslimiyet\u00e7i ve vatan haini ile e\u015f anlama gelmektedir.<\/p>\n

Ancak tarihi yeniden sorgularsak ve o y\u0131llardaki \u201cdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 savunmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cbat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r savunmas\u0131\u201d ile ilgili ba\u015fka varsay\u0131mlar yaparsak, bug\u00fcnk\u00fc nesil belki farkl\u0131 yorumlar yapacaklard\u0131. Zuo Zongtang\u2019\u0131n Bat\u0131\u2019ya yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f esnas\u0131nda, y\u0131ll\u0131k askeri harcama 10 milyon g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f paras\u0131n\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131 ki bu da Man\u00e7o Qing hanedan\u0131n\u0131n 1\/6 ila 1\/7 mali gelirine e\u015fde\u011ferdi. \u00dcnl\u00fc i\u015f adam\u0131 Hu Xueyan\u2019\u0131n maddi deste\u011fine ra\u011fmen, Qing hanedan\u0131 bu y\u00fcksek sava\u015f masraflar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya yeti\u015femedi ve Bat\u0131l\u0131 bankalardan y\u00fcksek miktarda bor\u00e7 almak zorunda kald\u0131. Zuo Zongtang\u2019\u0131n bat\u0131ya y\u00fcr\u00fcy\u00fc\u015f ad\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki bu sava\u015fta harcanan para toplam\u0131, sava\u015f sonras\u0131ndaki devaml\u0131 harcama hari\u00e7 en az yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f paras\u0131 oldu\u011fu tahmin edilmektedir.<\/p>\n

Bu paralar e\u011fer deniz kuvvetleri i\u00e7in harcan\u0131rsa idi, Asya\u2019n\u0131n en geli\u015fmi\u015f sava\u015f gemisinden 20 adet sat\u0131n al\u0131nabilirdi. O zamanki Japonya\u2019n\u0131n ulusal g\u00fcc\u00fc ile k\u0131yaslad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bu durumda \u00c7in Donanmas\u0131 yolsuzluk yap\u0131yor olsa bile, Japonlar daha cesur ve maddi durumunun \u00e7ok daha avantajl\u0131 olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen o g\u00fcnlerdeki Jiawu \u00c7in-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131 olmayacakt\u0131 ve \u00c7in donanmas\u0131 tamamen yok edilmeyecekti. B\u00f6ylece \u00c7in 200 milyon g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f para tazminat \u00f6deme ve Tayvan\u2019\u0131 Japonya\u2019 ya teslim etme gibi trajedi ya\u015fanmayacakt\u0131.<\/p>\n

Peki \u015f\u00f6yle diyebilir miyiz? Man\u00e7o Qing h\u00fck\u00fcmeti Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019\u0131 geri almak i\u00e7in sava\u015f\u0131 kazand\u0131, fakat \u00fclkenin kaderini belirleyecek \u00f6b\u00fcr sava\u015f\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n

Fakat tarih varsay\u0131m kabul etmez. Man\u00e7o Qing Hanedanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n o g\u00fcnk\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda, bu paray\u0131 acil ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan Sincan\u2019a harcamasayd\u0131, yine de tamam\u0131n\u0131 sava\u015f gemisi i\u00e7in harcamazd\u0131. Japonya\u2019n\u0131n donanmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 birka\u00e7 y\u0131l \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck sa\u011flasa bile, \u00c7in-Japon Sava\u015f\u0131 ancak 10 veya 20 y\u0131l gecikecekti. \u00d6zellikle Li Hongzhang, Sincan\u2019\u0131 alsak bile \u201cbu sadece binlerce kilometrelik at\u0131l bir \u00e7\u00f6l toprak ve bize y\u00fckten ba\u015fka bir \u015fey getirmez\u201d diye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrd\u00fc. O zamanlar Kuzeybat\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi ger\u00e7ekten bir at\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6lden ibaret bir toprak idi. Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019\u0131 geri ald\u0131ktan sonra, merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmet b\u00f6lgedeki askeri ve idari harcamalar\u0131 i\u00e7in her y\u0131l 100 binlerce g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f para b\u00fct\u00e7e ay\u0131rmak zorunda kalm\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n

Ancak, kim hayal edebilir ki, bu \u201cat\u0131l \u00e7\u00f6l\u201d dedi\u011fimiz yerin sar\u0131 kumu alt\u0131nda bug\u00fcn en \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fumuz alt\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funu?<\/p>\n

Bug\u00fcn, Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan)\u2019n\u0131n \u00c7in\u2019deki konumu sadece co\u011frafi bak\u0131mdan \u00f6nemli bir tampon b\u00f6lgesi olmaktan ziyade, onun e\u015fsiz enerji stat\u00fcs\u00fc \u00c7in\u2019in enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan vazge\u00e7ilemez stratejik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle, Sincan \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir stratejik s\u0131\u00e7rama tahtas\u0131 olup bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgesi Orta Asya ile s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 var, g\u00fcneyde kom\u015fu olan Pakistan \u00fczerinden deniz yolu ile do\u011frudan Hint Okyanusu ve H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na ula\u015fabiliriz.<\/p>\n

E\u011fer Sincan\u2019\u0131n (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) co\u011frafi avantajlar\u0131ndan en iyi \u015fekilde yararlanarak, Ortado\u011fu ve Orta Asya-Hazar b\u00f6lgesindeki petrol ve do\u011fal gaz\u0131 Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) \u00fczerinden \u00c7in\u2019in i\u00e7 b\u00f6lgelerine ta\u015f\u0131yabilirsek, geleneksel neniz nakliye rotas\u0131nda mecburi ge\u00e7i\u015f noktas\u0131 olan ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131ndaki Malacca Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019na muhta\u00e7 kalmaktan ka\u00e7\u0131nabiliriz. Avrasya k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n merkezi konumunda yer alan Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) yeni \u201cAvrasya K\u0131tasal K\u00f6pr\u00fcs\u00fc\u201dn\u00fcn bo\u011faz rol\u00fcn\u00fc oynamaktad\u0131r. Orta Asya ve Ortado\u011fu ile \u00c7in\u2019i ba\u011flayan en elveri\u015fli karayollar\u0131ndan biridir ve ayn\u0131 zamanda kom\u015fu \u00fclkelerin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve pazarlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak i\u00e7in en uygun b\u00f6lgedir. Bu kadar \u00f6nemli co\u011frafi avantajl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgeye, \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f d\u00fcnyadaki t\u00fcm b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00fclkelerde \u00e7ok nadir rastlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bu nedenle g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki \u00c7in, bu \u00e7a\u011fda hala yeni bir \u201cdeniz k\u0131y\u0131 savunmas\u0131\u201d ve \u201cbat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r savunma\u201d teoriler aras\u0131nda bir se\u00e7im yapmak zorunda kalmaktad\u0131r. Burada s\u00f6yle bir soruya cevap vermemiz gerekmektedir: \u00c7in\u2019in yeni y\u00fczy\u0131l stratejik odak noktas\u0131n\u0131 belirlerken do\u011fu deniz b\u00f6lgesi ve bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesi aras\u0131nda hangisine \u00f6ncelik ve a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermemiz gerekiyor? ikisine e\u015fit mi, yoksa do\u011fuya m\u0131 ya da bat\u0131ya m\u0131?\u201d<\/p>\n

Bana g\u00f6re, \u00c7in sorunlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in, tersinden hareket etmemiz gerekiyor, yani \u00f6ncelikle bat\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131r b\u00f6lgesine (Orta Asya) a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k vermeliyiz, ard\u0131ndan Do\u011fu \u00c7in denizi b\u00f6lgesi (Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney Do\u011fu As\u0131ya) sorunlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zeriz. Elbette, Bat\u0131 b\u00f6lge ve Do\u011fu deniz b\u00f6lge meseleleri birbirini etkiliyor, ancak Tayvan\u2019da bir sorun \u00e7\u0131karsa, bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgeyi (Orta Asya) etkilemez. Orta Asya da bir olay \u00e7\u0131karsa Tayvan\u2019da mutlaka sorun \u00e7\u0131kar. Tayvan ile \u00c7in ana k\u0131ta ayn\u0131 \u0131rk ve ayn\u0131 k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fc payla\u015f\u0131yor, sorun \u00e7\u0131ksa( kaybetsek) bile gelecekte nas\u0131lsa geri alabiliriz. Fakat, Sincan (Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan) ve Tibet \u00e7ok ayr\u0131 \u0131rklardan olu\u015ftu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00c7in topra\u011f\u0131ndan giderse geri alma \u015fans\u0131m\u0131z nerede ise hi\u00e7 yoktur.<\/p>\n

Stratejimizi Bat\u0131 (Orta Asya)\u2019ya odakland\u0131rmam\u0131z\u0131n sebebi, hem ulusal \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 yak\u0131ndan ilgilendirdi\u011fi i\u00e7in hem de \u00e7aresizlikten ibarettir. \u00c7in\u2019in modernizasyon stratejisi do\u011fu deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015flad\u0131, reform ve d\u0131\u015fa a\u00e7\u0131lma politikas\u0131 da g\u00fcneydo\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131 b\u00f6lgesinden ba\u015flad\u0131. Son 20 y\u0131lda, g\u00fcneydo\u011fu k\u0131y\u0131lar\u0131, \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik kalk\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n lokomotifi haline geldi ve tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131z olarak servetlerin topland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir b\u00f6lge oldu. Hong Kong, Tayvan ve Makao da dahil olmak \u00fczere \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck \u00c7in Ekonomik \u00c7emberi\u201d olarak g\u00f6rkemli bir \u015fekilde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Bir zamanlar bu b\u00f6lgeyi \u201cRenminbi(\u00c7in yuan\u0131) b\u00f6lgesi\u201d olarak adland\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131m. \u00c7in\u2019in ekonomik a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131k merkezi burada, ama \u00c7in\u2019in \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl zafiyeti de burada, yani kal\u0131c\u0131 savunma alan\u0131 yok. Do\u011fu b\u00f6lgesi \u00c7in ekonomisine fayda getiren en \u00f6nemli b\u00f6lge ve ayn\u0131 zamanda d\u0131\u015fa y\u00f6nelik direni\u015f stratejimiz i\u00e7in en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc b\u00f6lgedir. ABD taraf\u0131ndan in\u015fa edilen \u201cAdalar zinciri\u201d (Filipinler, Tayvan, Japonya, Kore) boynumuza ge\u00e7irilen ip gibi bizi s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Tayvan meselesi son y\u0131llarda bir kriz haline getirildi, sebep bu de\u011fil mi? Tayvan bo\u011faz\u0131 her an tehlikede. ABD ve Tayvan, \u015eangay, Pekin ve Hong Kong\u2019u bombalama planlar\u0131n\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131lar ve hatta San\u015fa Baraj\u0131\u2019na sald\u0131rma yapmay\u0131 planlad\u0131lar. B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar bizim do\u011fu deniz b\u00f6lgesinin stratejik durumun vahim oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steriyor.<\/p>\n

\u00c7in\u2019in modernizasyonu deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131ndan ba\u015flad\u0131, ancak burada biz engellendik ve art\u0131k do\u011fu (Do\u011fu ve G\u00fcney Do\u011fu Asya)\u2019ya ilerleyemedik. Mademki do\u011fuya yay\u0131lma imkan\u0131m\u0131z yok, bat\u0131 b\u00f6lgesine a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f stratejisi bizim i\u00e7in zaruri g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcyor. Bat\u0131 (Orta Asya)\u2019ya ilerleme, do\u011fuda savunmakta kalma stratejisi bug\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015fartlar alt\u0131nda bizim i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez bir devlet politikas\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fuda savunmada kalmak bize zaman ve istikrar kazand\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n 1.b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn sonu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

(Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131n\u0131n\u00a0 ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ,\u201dEnerji G\u00fcvenli\u011fi : S\u00fcper G\u00fc\u00e7lerin Can damar\u0131)<\/p>\n

Kaynak:\u00a0uyghurnet.org<\/em><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u0130\u015fbu yaz\u0131daki Bat\u0131 kavram\u0131 Merkezi \u00c7in\u2019in bat\u0131s\u0131nda olan Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ve B\u00fcy\u00fck T\u00fcrkistan\u2019\u0131 kastetmektedir. \u0130\u015fbu makalenin Yazar\u0131 Liu Yazhou, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti ordusunda Tu\u011fgeneral olup, \u00c7in Savunma \u00dcniversitesi Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc, \u00c7in Halk Cumhuriyeti eski Devlet Ba\u015fkan\u0131 Li Xian Nian\u2019n\u0131n damad\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130lk olarak 2010 y\u0131l\u0131nda kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu yaz\u0131 daha sonra kendisi taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcncelle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. Do\u011fu T\u00fcrkistan ba\u015fta […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":6551,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6,1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6550"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/12"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6550"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6550\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6552,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6550\/revisions\/6552"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6550"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6550"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.uzerk.org\/tr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6550"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}